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Data Sheet PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS AP3706 General Description
The AP3706 is a high performance AC/DC power supply controller for battery charger and adapter applications. The device uses Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) method to build discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) flyback power supplies. The AP3706 provides constant voltage, constant current (CV/CC) regulation without requiring an optocoupler and secondary control circuitry. It also eliminates the need of loop compensation circuitry while maintaining stability. The AP3706 achieves excellent regulation and high power efficiency, the no-load power consumption is less than 200mW at 265VAC input. The AP3706 is available in SOIC-8 and DIP-8 packages.
Features
* * * * * * * * * * Primary Side Control for Rectangular Constant Current and Constant Voltage Output Eliminates Opto-Coupler and Secondary CV/CC Control Circuitry Eliminates Control Loop Compensation Circuitry Flyback Topology in DCM Operation Random Frequency Modulation to Reduce System EMI Valley Turn on of External Power NPN Transistor Built-in Soft Start Open Circuit Protection Over Voltage Protection Short Circuit Protection
Applications
* * Adapters/Chargers for Cell/Cordless Phones, PDAs, MP3 and Other Portable Apparatus Standby and Auxiliary Power Supplies
SOIC-8
DIP-8
Figure 1. Package Types of AP3706
Jul. 2008 Rev. 1.3 1
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
Data Sheet PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS AP3706 Pin Configuration
M/P Package (SOIC-8/DIP-8)
CS VCC OUT GND 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 COMP BIAS VDD FB
Figure 2. Pin Configurations of AP3706 (Top View)
Pin Description
Pin Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Pin Name CS VCC OUT GND FB VDD BIAS COMP The primary current sense Supply voltage This pin drives the base of external power NPN switch Ground The voltage feedback from the auxiliary winding The 5V output of the internal voltage regulator This pin sets the bias current inside AP3706 with an external resistor to GND This pin connects a bypass capacitor for CC function Function
Jul. 2008 Rev. 1.3 2
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
Data Sheet PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS AP3706 Functional Block Diagram
VCC
2
UVLO
FB
5
OVP & OCkP
pro
6
VDD
Regulator & Bias UVLO
0.1V COMP pfm Tonsec Detector Tons
7
BIAS
EA 4.0V Tons V+ S&H
Vea COMP V+ pfm_d Vea S R Q CV_ctrl pfm Driver
3
OUT
1
t COMP 0.5V pfm LEB Delay 430ns pfm_d
CS
COMP 0.46V I Tons VDD
8
COMP
3.75V
COMP
R
Q
CC_ctrl
4
GND
S
0.75*I
Figure 3. Functional Block Diagram of AP3706
Jul. 2008 Rev. 1.3 3
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
Data Sheet PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS AP3706 Ordering Information
AP3706 Circuit Type Package M: SOIC-8 P: DIP-8
Temperature Range Part Number Lead Free AP3706M-E1 -40 to DIP-8 85o C AP3706MTR-E1 AP3706P-E1 Green AP3706M-G1 AP3706MTR-G1 AP3706P-G1
E1: Lead Free G1: Green TR: Tape and Reel Blank: Tube
Package SOIC-8
Marking ID Lead Free 3706M-E1 3706M-E1 AP3706P-E1 Green 3706M-G1 3706M-G1 AP3706P-G1
Packing Type Tube Tape & Reel
Tube
BCD Semiconductor's Pb-free products, as designated with "E1" suffix in the part number, are RoHS compliant. Products with "G1" suffix are available in green packages.
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
Parameter Supply Voltage VCC Voltage at CS, BIAS, OUT, VDD, COMP to GND FB input (Pin 5) Output Current at OUT Power Dissipation at TA=25oC Operating Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10s) Thermal Resistance Junction-to-Ambient ESD (Machine Model) Value -0.3 to 30 -0.3 to 7 -40 to 10 Internally limited 0.657 150 -65 to 150 300 190 200 Unit V V V A W
oC o
C
oC oC/W
V
Note 1: Stresses greater than those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "Recommended Operating Conditions" is not implied. Exposure to "Absolute Maximum Ratings" for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Jul. 2008 Rev. 1.3 4
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
Data Sheet PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS AP3706 Electrical Characteristics
(VCC=15V, TA=25oC, unless otherwise specified.)
Parameter UVLO SECTION Start-up Threshold Minimal Operating Voltage VTH (ST) VOPR(min) After turn on RBIAS=200k, Before turn on 17 6.5 18.5 7.3 20 8.1 V V Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit
REFERENCE VOLTAGE SECTION BIAS Pin Voltage VDD Pin Voltage STANDBY CURRENT SECTION Start-up Current Operating Current DRIVE OUTPUT SECTION OUT Maximum Current Sink Source CURRENT SENSE SECTION Current Sense Threshold Pre-Current Sense Leading Edge Blanking FEEDBACK INPUT SECTION Feedback Current Pin Input Leakage IFB VFB VFB(EN) VFB=4V 10.0 3.90 -0.9 12.5 4.00 -0.7 15.0 4.10 -0.5 A V V VCS VCS(PRE) 490 440 510 460 430 530 480 mV mV ns IOUT RBIAS=200k 50 25 30 mA IST ICC(OPR) VCC = VTH (ST)-0.5V, RBIAS=200k, Before turn on RBIAS=200k 70 680 80 900 A A VBIAS VDD 1.170 4.75 1.205 5.0 1.240 5.25 V V
Feedback Threshold Enable Turn-on Voltage
COMP THRESHOLD VOLTAGE SECTION Turn-on Threshold Voltage PROTECTION SECTION Over Voltage Protection VFB(OVP) 7 8 9 V VCOMP 3.42 3.60 3.78 V
Jul. 2008 Rev. 1.3 5
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
Data Sheet PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS AP3706 Typical Performance Characteristics
19.5
100 90
19.0 80 18.5
Startup Current (A) RBIAS=200k
Start-up Voltage (V)
70 60 50 40
18.0
17.5
17.0
30 20 -40
RBIAS=200k
-20 0 20 40 60
o
16.5 -40
-20
0
20
40
60
o
80
100
120
80
100
120
Ambient Temperature ( C)
Ambient Temperature ( C)
Figure 4. Start-up Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature
Figure 5. Start-up Current vs. Ambient Temperature
800 750 700 650 600 550 500 450 400 -40
5.20 5.15 5.10 5.05
Operating Current (A)
VDD (V) RBIAS=200k
-20 0 20 40 60
o
5.00 4.95 4.90 4.85 4.80 -40
80
100
120
-20
0
20
40
60
o
80
100
120
Ambient Temperature ( C)
Ambient Temperature ( C)
Figure 6. Operating Current vs. Ambient Temperature
Figure 7. VDD vs. Ambient Temperature
Jul. 2008 Rev. 1.3 6
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
Data Sheet PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS AP3706 Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
120 110
80 70
90 80 70 60 50 40 100
Out Source Current (mA)
o
100
60 50 40 30 20 10 0 100
Start-up Current (A)
TA=25 C
150 200 250 300 350 400
TA=25 C
150 200 250 300 350 400
o
Bias Resistor (k)
Bias Resistor (k)
Figure 8. Start-up Current vs. Bias Resistor
Figure 9. OUT Source Current vs. Bias Resistor
Jul. 2008 Rev. 1.3 7
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
Data Sheet PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS AP3706 Operation Description
Bridge VIN Vg + C1 LM NP VS NS D1 IS + CO VO IO
Q1
OUT
VAUX NAUX IP
AP3706
FB GND CS
RCS
Figure 10. Simplified Flyback Converter Controlled by AP3706
Figure 10 illustrates a simplified flyback converter controlled by AP3706. Constant Primary Peak Current The primary current ip(t) is sensed by a current sense resistor RCS as shown in Figure 10. The current rises up linearly at a rate of:
The energy stored in the magnetizing inductance LM each cycle is therefore:
1 Eg = x LM Ipk 2 2
................(3)
So the power transferring from the input to the output is given by:
dip (t ) vg (t ) = dt LM
................(1)
1 P = x LM x Ipk2 x f SW 2
................(4)
See equation 2
Where the fsw is the switching frequency. When the peak current Ipk is constant, the output power depends on the switching frequency fsw. Constant Voltage Operation The AP3706 captures the auxiliary winding feedback voltage at FB pin and operates in constant-voltage (CV) mode to regulate the output voltage. Assuming the secondary winding is master, the auxiliary winding is slave during the D1 on-time. The auxiliary voltage is given by:
Ip 0A
Figure 11. Primary Current Waveform
As illustrated in Figure 11, when the current ip(t) rises up to Ipk, the switch Q1 turns off. The constant peak current is given by:
Vcs Ipk = Rcs
Jul. 2008 Rev. 1.3
................(2)
V AUX =
N AUX x (Vo + Vd ) NS
................(5)
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 8
Data Sheet PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS AP3706 Operation Description (Continued)
Where the Vd is the diode forward drop voltage.
See equation 5
The relationship between the output constant-current and secondary peak current Ipks is given by:
1 Tons ................(7) Iout = x Ipksx 2 Tons + Toffs
At the instant of D1 turn-on, the primary current transfers to the secondary at an amplitude of:
0V 2/3 Tons Tons
Ipks =
NP x Ipk NS
................(8)
Figure 12. Auxiliary Voltage Waveform
The output voltage is different from the secondary voltage in a diode forward drop voltage. The diode drop voltage depends on the current. If the secondary voltage is always detected at a constant secondary current, the difference between the output voltage and the secondary voltage will be a fixed Vd. The voltage detection point is at two-thirds of the D1 on-time. The CV loop control function of AP3706 then generates a D1 off-time to regulate the output voltage. Constant Current Operation The AP3706 is designed to work in constant-current (CC) mode. Figure 13 shows the secondary current waveforms.
See equation 8
Thus the output constant-current is given by:
1N Tons 2N Iout = x P x Ipk x = x P x Ipk 2 NS Tons + Toffs 7 N S
................(9)
Leading Edge Blanking When the power switch is turned on, a turn-on spike will occur on the sense-resistor. To avoid falsetermination of the switching pulse, a 430ns leadingedge blanking is built in. During this blanking period, the current sense comparator is disabled and the gate driver can not be switched off. CCM Protection The AP3706 is designed to operate in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) in both CV and CC modes. To avoid operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM), the AP3706 detects the falling edge of the FB input voltage on each cycle. If a 0.1V falling edge of FB is not detected, the AP3706 will stop switching. OVP & OCkP The AP3706 includes output over-voltage protection (OVP) and open circuit protection (OCkP) circuitry as shown in Figure 14. If the voltage at FB pin exceeds 8V, 100% above the normal detection voltage, or the -0.7V falling edge of the FB input can not be monitored, the AP3706 will immediately shut off and enters hiccup mode. The AP3706 sends out a fault detection pulse every 8ms in hiccup mode until the fault has been removed. BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 9
Is
0A Tons Toffs
Iout
Figure 13. Secondary Current Waveform
In CC operation, the CC loop control function of AP3706 will keep a fixed proportion between D1 ontime Tons and D1 off-time Toffs by discharging or charging the capacitance connected in COMP pin. The fixed proportion is
Tons 4 = Toffs 3
Jul. 2008 Rev. 1.3
................(6)
Data Sheet PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS AP3706 Operation Description (Continued)
FB COMP 8V R Q pro
S COMP -0.7V Timer_8ms
UVLO
Figure 14. OVP and OCkP Function Block
Typical Application
Bridge T1 D2 5V/1A VO+ + J1 AC 85-264V C1 R1 R6 C2 + Z1 D1 C6 +
VOR2 Q1
CS
VCC
OUT
R9 C5
R3
AP3706
BIAS GND COMP FB VDD
R7 R10
R11
R4
R5
C3
C4
R8
Figure 15. 5V/1A Output for Battery Charger of Mobile Phone
Jul. 2008 Rev. 1.3 10
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
Data Sheet PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS AP3706 Mechanical Dimensions SOIC-8 Unit: mm(inch)
4.700(0.185) 5.100(0.201) 7
1.350(0.053) 1.750(0.069)
0.320(0.013)
8
7
8
0.675(0.027) 0.725(0.029)
D
5.800(0.228) 6.200(0.244)
D 20:1
1.270(0.050) TYP
0.100(0.004) 0.300(0.012) R0.150(0.006)
0.800(0.031)
0.200(0.008)
1.000(0.039) 3.800(0.150) 4.000(0.157)
0 8
0.330(0.013) 0.510(0.020)
0.190(0.007) 0.250(0.010) 0.900(0.035)
1 5
R0.150(0.006)
0.450(0.017) 0.800(0.031)
Jul. 2008 Rev. 1.3 11
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
Data Sheet PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS AP3706 Mechanical Dimensions (Continued) DIP-8 Unit: mm(inch)
0.700(0.028) 7.620(0.300)TYP 1.524(0.060) TYP
6
6
5
3.710(0.146) 4.310(0.170) 4
3.200(0.126) 3.600(0.142)
4
3.000(0.118) 3.600(0.142)
0.510(0.020)MIN
0.254(0.010)TYP 0.360(0.014) 0.560(0.022) 2.540(0.100) TYP 0.130(0.005)MIN
0.204(0.008) 0.360(0.014) 8.200(0.323) 9.400(0.370)
R0.750(0.030) 3.000(0.118) Depth 0.100(0.004) 0.200(0.008) 9.000(0.354) 9.400(0.370)
6.200(0.244) 6.600(0.260)
Jul. 2008 Rev. 1.3 12
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
http://www.bcdsemi.com
IMPORTANT NOTICE BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products or specifications herein. BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited does not assume any responsibility for use of any its products for any particular purpose, nor does BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any its products or circuits. BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited does not convey any license under its patent rights or other rights nor the rights of others.
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